Page 51 - CatalogNEP-LS

THEORY(45 Hours)

UNIT – I: (15 Hours)

Nutrition, Digestion and Absorption:Nutritional requirements, composition, function and
regulation of salivary, gastric, pancreatic, hepatic and intestinal juices. Mechanism of digestion
and absorption.
Circulation: Composition and function of blood and lymph, haemopoiesis, blood groups, Rh
factor, blood coagulation, structure and function of haemoglobin, structure, origin and
conductance of heart beat, pace maker system, cardiac cycle, blood pressure, electrocardiogram.

UNIT – II (15 Hours)
Respiration: Mechanism and control of breathing; transport of oxygen and carbon dioxide, oxygen
dissociation curves of Haemoglobin and Myoglobin, Bohr‘s effect and chloride shift. Excretion:
structure of kidney and nephron, Nitrogenous wastes, urine formation and water balance.
Muscles: Types of muscles, structure of skeletal muscle cell, mechanical and biochemical basis of
muscle contraction, muscle fatigue.

UNIT – III (15 Hours)
Nervous System: Structure of neuron, nature, origin and propagation of nerve impulse, synaptic
junctions, myoneural junctions. Skeletal System: Bone and their types, ossification; joints and
articulation
Endocrine system and Reproduction: Detailed structure of pituitary glands, nature and functions
of pituitary hormones, feedback relationships with other endocrines; Gonadal hormones, estrous
cycle, implantation, parturition, lactation.

PRACTICAL (30Hours)

1. Estimation of the haemoglobin and blood cell (RBC and WBC) counts.
2. Study of endocrine glands of rat.
3. Histology of mammalian pituitary, parathyroid, thyroid, pancreas, ovary, testes and
adrenal gland.
4. Study of permanent slides of spinal cord, duodenum, liver, lung, kidney, bone, cartilage.
5. Study of human salivary activity in relation to pH and temperature.
6. Study of metabolism through charts.
7. Study of Human systems through charts.

SUGGESTED READINGS:

1. Tortora, G.J. and Derrickson, B.H. (2009). Principles of Anatomy and Physiology, XII
Edition, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
2. Guyton, A.C. and Hall, J.E.(2011). Textbook of Medical Physiology,XIIEdition, Harcourt
Asia Pvt. Ltd/ W.B. Saunders Company.
3. Widmaier E, Raff H and Strang K. (2013). Vander‘s Human Physiology: The Mechanism of
Body Functions. XIIIth Edition, McGraw-Hill Education.
4. Kesar, S. and Vashisht, N. (2007) Experimental Physiology. Heritage Publishers.
5. Prakash, G. (2012) Lab Manual on Blood Analysis and Medical Diagnostics. S. Chand and
Company Ltd.
6. Prosser, C.L. and Brown, F.A. comparative Animal Physiology 2nd Ed. W.B. Sunders,
Philadelplina.

36